Sex Dimorphism in the One Hump-Camel (Camelus dromedarius) from Selected Populations in Nigeria

Data on body weights and linear measurements were obtained from 159 camels in selected Local Government Areas of Katsina state (Daura, Mani and Mashi), Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting body measurements of Katsina camels and regroup these camels for selection and genetic improvement. Camels were grouped into groups of 1-3, 4-6, 7-9, 10-12 and 13-15 years. Sex demonstrated significance (P < 0.05) at 1-3 years on thoracic girth, body length and body weight. At 4-6 years, all body linear measurements and body weights significant were (P < 0.05) except ear length, tail length and foot pad circumference. Body weights and most body linear measurements were significant (P < 0.05), except for distance between the eyes, width at shoulders, hump length and tail length which were not significant (P > 0.05) at 7-9 years. At 10-12 years, body length, posterior limb length and body weight were significant (P < 0.05); there was no significant (P > 0.05) in body linear measurement and body weight at 13-15 years. Age was significant (P < 0.05) across all body linear measurements and body weights for both camel bull and camel cow in all age groupings. Camel bull had higher mean values for body linear measurements and body weights which shows the existence of sexual dimorphism. Between 7-9 and 10-12 years was the peak of growth in camels, at 13- 15 years camels body weight decline. The study shows that body linear measurement and body weight in camels is influenced by sex and age.